DAY 10:

New Markets are Vital

EL CURSO DE INGLES AVANZADO PREFERIDO POR LOS HISPANOPARLANTES

STEP 4

Grammar: Adjectives of Nationality

Study the following three examples:

 

COUNTRY

-  Managers from Poland are applying for new jobs. > NOUN

 

INHABITANT

-  A Pole will call you soon, (someone from Poland) > NOUN

 

NATIONALITY

-  Polish managers usually find abominable to fire people.
   (managers born in Poland) > ADJECTIVE

 

THE + NATIONALITY WORDS

You can use the article the with some nationality adjectives when you mean "the people of that country":

 

-  The French are famous for their food. ( =  the French people)
-  The English are known for being polite. ( =  the English people)

You can use the article the in this way with these nationality words:

 

the British
the English

the Welsh
the Irish

the Spanish
the French

the Dutch
the Swiss

You can also use the article the with nationality words ending in -ese: the Japanese, the Chinese, the Vietnamese, etc.  

With other nationalities you have to use a plural noun ending in -s:

 

(the) Russians

(the) Italians

(the) Arabs

(the) Germans
 

 

ADJECTIVES REFERRING TO COUNTRIES AND LANGUAGES

Pay close attention to these varieties:

 

With -ISH

-  Spanish, British, Irish, Polish, Danish, Turkish

 

With -I(AN)
or -E(AN)

-  Canadian, American, Italian, Korean, Bulgarian, Ukrainian,
   Yugoslavian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovenian, Bosnian, Romanian,
   Albanian, Egyptian, Moldavian, Czechoslovakian, Russian,

 

With -ESE

-  Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, Portuguese, Taiwanese

 

With -I

-  Israeli, Iraqi, Kuwaiti, Pakistani, Yemeni, Bangladeshi

 

With -IC

-  Icelandic, Arabic

This is a list of some Latin American adjectives:

 

With -AN

-  Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Dominican, Guatemalan,
   Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Paraguayan, Puerto-Rican,
   Uruguayan, Venezuelan

 

With -IAN

-  Bolivian, Brazilian, Panamanian, Peruvian,

 

With -EAN

-  Chilean

 

Mixed

-  Argentinian / Argentinean, Ecuadorian / Ecuadoran / Ecuadorean,
   Puerto Rican / Porto Rican, Salvadorian / Salvadoran / Salvadorean

 

NATIONALITIES

Some nationalities have nouns for referring to people: a Spaniard, a Filipino, a Turk, a Swede, a Dane, a Briton, an Arab. For most nationalities we can use the adjective as a noun: a Canadian, a German, an Italian, a Greek, an African. Some need the word woman, man or person added to them (you can't say "a Dutch"), so if you are in doubt, please use them: a Dutch man, a Swiss woman, an Irish person.

 

STEP 5

Grammar: Activity with Answer

 

Read the ten short passages. Below each one you will find a sentence which you should complete, using an adjective of nationality from the menu. Make sure that your sentences reflect the information that is contained in the passgae itself.

ANSWERS

 

1.

Packard Bell Electronics has already taken 10% of the US computer market and has performed better, in some areas, than its two main national rivals Compaq and Apple.

 

 

Compaq, Apple and Packard Bell are  .

 

2.

Nordak is currently recruiting a senior manager who will head up the UK office of its first foreign subsidiary.

 

 

Nordak is not of    origin.

 

3.

The shares of Heineken NV reached a record level of 244.5 guilders yesterday on their home market in Amsterdam, Holland.

 

 

Heineken NV is a  .

 

4.

The Societé de Bourse Française publishes an annual guide to the 120 biggest national companies whose shares are sold on the Paris exchange.

 

 

The Paris exchange sells the shares of the biggest    companies.

 

5.

OM Personal have received several enquiries from companies who are interested in representing their products in Spain. However, they have no intention of expanding into this part of Europe until 2006.

 

 

OM Personal has no plans to enter the    market until 2006.

 

6.

The Ministry of Trade and Industry in Japan has for the first time awarded licences to six foreign firms who can now operate investments funds on the Tokyo market.

 

 

The Tokyo market was previously restricted to    companies.

 

7.

This year we have decided not to attend the Milan trade fair in Italy as the date coincides with a similar but more important event in Frankfurt in Germany.

 

 

We will be attending the    trade fair.

 

8.

Our main markets are Eastern Europe and North America. However, we also do some business with Brazil.

 

 

The    market is not one of our most important.

 

9.

Whenever we set up a foreign subsidiary, we always make sure that it is managed by someone from the country concerned. The same will be true for our new operation in Finland.

 

 

Our new subsidiary will have a    manager.

 

10.

Although our company was originally Swedish, four years ago we transferred all of our operations to Switzerland and re-registered over there.

 

 

The company is no longer  .

 

CLICK HERE FOR STEPS 6 AND 7

You will find there the last audio practice in this lesson
and some exercises with answers...

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